Learning Object Design Theory

The design of this learning object is based on Abdelhamid’s (1999) multi-dimensional learning model (MDLM) which depends heavily on illustrations and graphics. It integrates different memory strategies that require the student to think to generate information. His research into the process of learning and memory specify three main principles which enhance the understanding and recall of data.


1) The generation effect. A learner that generates an item is more likely to recall the information than when it is merely read (Houston, 1991). The pharmacology learning object requires the students to interact with the resource to create an outcome.

2) Spreading activation model. Stored information (represented by circles) is more easily retrieved when it is remembered in the context of data which is related and interconnected. Processing of one piece of information leads to the activation of the other related items.

The design of the learning object allows the students to see the relationship between the variables involved in drug administration and the effect this has on the patient.
3) Use of graphics can aid learning better than a verbal description. The animated demonstrations of the therapeutic principles enhances visualization of the affected systems.
source: (Abdelhamid, 1999)

In 1996, the School of Medicine at the University of Auckland conducted a study on the effectiveness of the multi-dimensional learning model. The results indicated that students’ academic performance was significantly increased in the areas covered by the model, while there was no significant improvement in the areas not covered by the model (Abdelhamid, 1997). In addition, the learners stated that they preferred this model for their medical education.

References

Abdelhamid, T. (1999). The multidimensional learning model: A novel cognitive psychology-based model for computer assisted instruction in order to improve learning in medical students. Med Educ Online, 1(1), 1-8.

Abdelhamid, T. (1997). An application of cognitive psychology in medical education using a specific educational program. Tarek's integrated system for learning and memory (TISLM): An evaluation of its effectiveness in improving learning and memory. Master of Literature-education University of Auckland.
Houston, J.P. (1991). Fundamentals of learning and memory. 4th ed. Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.